Expand employment, self-employment and livelihood opportunities

Employment and self-employment are being supported through a mix of sectoral and credit measures - manufacturing and PLI schemes, services and infrastructure expansion, tourism, skilling, and large-scale credit via PM Mudra and PM SVANidhi - and the government and RBI have cited rising formal-sector enrolment (EPFO) and self-employment. However, employment outcomes remain contested among analysts, with debate over job quality and labour-force participation, and the commitment is open-ended rather than tied to a defined target. Partial.