Develop global partnerships for critical mineral security

India has built substantial machinery for critical-mineral security: the National Critical Mineral Mission was launched in January 2025 (about Rs 16,300 crore central outlay, ~Rs 34,300 crore with PSU/stakeholder investment, 2024-25 to 2030-31), and Khanij Bidesh India Ltd (KABIL) has pursued overseas assets including a January 2024 lithium-exploration agreement in Catamarca, Argentina and an MoU with Australia’s Critical Minerals Office. India also joined the Mineral Security Partnership, signed MoUs with resource-rich nations (Australia, Argentina, DR Congo), and deployed nodal officers at embassies in mineral-rich countries. Collaborative partnerships are clearly being established; domestic processing/refining capacity remains a gap. Partial.